Rating agencies are independent entities that provide information on the quality of debt and its issuers. Rating agencies, also called credit rating agencies, are companies that issue information on the quality of debt and its issuers.
Rating agencies rate financial products or assets of companies, states or regional governments (autonomous communities and federated states).
The rating they give to the debt measures the capacity of the issuer, be it a country, government or company, to pay the debt and therefore indicates the risk involved in investing in it. The higher the risk of default of a security or issuer, the lower the rating it will receive.
Although there are a multitude of rating agencies, the main rating agencies are Moody's, Standard & Poor's (S&P) and Fitch. They all use an alphabetical system to determine credit ratings, but each uses its own scale.
You can see the credit rating of the different countries in: Rating by country