Country comparison Romania vs Estonia

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Gouvernement
GDP Growth (%) [+]20240.9%chart-0.1%2024GDP Growth (%) [+]
Qu. GDP Per Capita [+]2025Q24,882Kchart7,612K2025Q2Qu. GDP Per Capita [+]
Annual GDP [+]2024€353,633Mchart€39,848M2024Annual GDP [+]
Annual GDP [+]2024$382,566Mchart$43,130M2024Annual GDP [+]
GDP per capita [+]2024€18,560chart€28,9902024GDP per capita [+]
GDP per capita [+]2024$20,210chart$31,4192024GDP per capita [+]
Quarterly GDP [+]2025Q2€92,937Mchart€10,414M2025Q3Quarterly GDP [+]
Debt (M.€.) [+]2024193,959chart9,3532024Debt (M.€.) [+]
Debt ($M) [+]2024219,900chart10,0922024Debt ($M) [+]
Debt (%GDP) [+]202454.80%chart23.50%2024Debt (%GDP) [+]
Debt Per Capita [+]2024€10,189chart€6,8272024Debt Per Capita [+]
Debt Per Capita [+]2024$11,552chart$7,3672024Debt Per Capita [+]
Deficit (M.€) [+]2024-33,060chart-6892024Deficit (M.€) [+]
Deficit ($M) [+]2024-33,218chart-6502024Deficit ($M) [+]
Deficit (%GDP) [+]2024-9.30%chart-1.70%2024Deficit (%GDP) [+]
Expenditure (M.€) [+]2024154,017.5chart17,516.62024Expenditure (M.€) [+]
Expenditure ($M) [+]2024152,873.8chart18,805.82024Expenditure ($M) [+]
Education Expenditure (M.€) [+]20229,206.2chart1,890.32022Education Expenditure (M.€) [+]
Education Expenditure ($M) [+]20229,716.9chart1,998.42022Education Expenditure ($M) [+]
Education Expenditure (%Bud.) [+]20228.78%chart13.03%2022Education Expenditure (%Bud.) [+]
Gov. Health Exp. (M.€) [+]202314,118,906,341.6chart2,371,348,000.02024Gov. Health Exp. (M.€) [+]
Gov. Health Exp.($M) [+]202315,192.8chart2,566,699,648.22024Gov. Health Exp.($M) [+]
Gov. Health Exp. (%Bud.) [+]202310.66%chart12.96%2023Gov. Health Exp. (%Bud.) [+]
Defence Expenditure (M.€) [+]20235,189.9chart1,099.52023Defence Expenditure (M.€) [+]
Defence Expenditure ($M) [+]20235,612.5chart1,188.82023Defence Expenditure ($M) [+]
Defence Expenditure (%Bud.) [+]20234.37%chart6.77%2023Defence Expenditure (%Bud.) [+]
Expenditure (%GDP) [+]202443.60%chart44.00%2024Expenditure (%GDP) [+]
Expenditure Per Capita [+]2024€8,091chart€12,7862024Expenditure Per Capita [+]
Expenditure Per Capita [+]2024$8,031chart$13,7272024Expenditure Per Capita [+]
Education Expenditure P.C [+]2022€483chart€1,4202022Education Expenditure P.C [+]
Education Expenditure P.C [+]2022$511chart$1,4772022Education Expenditure P.C [+]
Gov. Health Exp. P.C. [+]2023€741chart€1,7252024Gov. Health Exp. P.C. [+]
Gov. Health Exp. P.C. [+]2023$797chart$1,8672024Gov. Health Exp. P.C. [+]
Defence Expenditure P.C. [+]2023€272chart€8052023Defence Expenditure P.C. [+]
Defence Expenditure P.C. [+]2023$297chart$8682023Defence Expenditure P.C. [+]
Moody's Rating [+]09/12/2025Baa3A103/08/2024Moody's Rating [+]
S&P Rating [+]01/24/2025BBB-A+05/31/2024S&P Rating [+]
Fitch Rating [+]05/01/2020BBB-AA-03/27/2020Fitch Rating [+]
Corruption Index [+]202346chart762023Corruption Index [+]
Competitiveness Ranking [+]201951ºchart31º2019Competitiveness Ranking [+]
Fragile States Index [+]202451.0chart36.52024Fragile States Index [+]
RTI Raking [+]202472ºchart48º2024RTI Raking [+]
Innovation Ranking [+]202448ºchart16º2024Innovation Ranking [+]
Labour
Unemployment Rate [+]October 20255.9%chart7.3%October 2025Unemployment Rate [+]
Unemployment rate [+]2025Q26.0%chart7.8%2025Q2Unemployment rate [+]
Unemployed [+]2025Q2490Kchart59K2025Q2Unemployed [+]
NMW [+]2025$906.1chart$1,004.62025NMW [+]
NMW [+]2025€799.8chart€886.02025NMW [+]
Average Wage [+]2024$21,710chart$25,9022024Average Wage [+]
Average Wage [+]2024€20,058chart€23,9302024Average Wage [+]
Human Capital Ranking [+]201742ºchart12º2017Human Capital Ranking [+]
Markets
Euro / Romanian new lei [+]12/04/20255.0920
US Dollar exchange rate [+]12/04/20254.3641chart0.857212/04/2025US Dollar exchange rate [+]
Stock ExchangeYTD % [+]12/03/202539.25%chart13.42%12/05/2025Stock ExchangeYTD % [+]
Prices
CPI (overall index) [+]October 20259.8%chart4.9%November 2025CPI (overall index) [+]
HICP [+]October 20258.4%chart4.7%November 2025HICP [+]
PPI Year on Year [+]October 20259.4%chart1.4%October 2025PPI Year on Year [+]
Money Market
Key rates [+]08/08/20246.50%chart2.15%06/11/2025Key rates [+]
Business
Doing Business [+]202055ºchart18º2020Doing Business [+]
IPI Year on Year [+]September 20250.4%chart-1.5%September 2025IPI Year on Year [+]
Passengers vehicles Year [+]December 2024289,477chart49,195December 2024Passengers vehicles Year [+]
Annual Vehicles/ 1,000 p. [+]December 20227.91chart19.59December 2022Annual Vehicles/ 1,000 p. [+]
Motor vehicle production [+]2023513,050
Vehicles / 1,000 people [+]2021464.93chart729.372021Vehicles / 1,000 people [+]
Taxes
Tax Revenue (%GDP) [+]202428.7%chart35.4%2024Tax Revenue (%GDP) [+]
Standard VAT [+]01/01/201620.00%chart20.00%07/01/2009Standard VAT [+]
Top tax rate + SSC [+]202010.0%chart8.7%2022Top tax rate + SSC [+]
Trade
Annual arrivals [+]20192,683,748chart2,166,0002022Annual arrivals [+]
Exports [+]2024€92,674.0Mchart€17,403.4M2024Exports [+]
Exports [+]2024$100,308.5Mchart$18,837.1M2024Exports [+]
Exports % GDP [+]202426.21%chart43.67%2024Exports % GDP [+]
Imports [+]2024€126,131.0Mchart€20,750.0M2024Imports [+]
Imports [+]2024$136,521.7Mchart$22,459.4M2024Imports [+]
Imports % GDP [+]202435.67%chart52.07%2024Imports % GDP [+]
Trade balance [+]2024€-33,457.0Mchart€-3,346.6M2024Trade balance [+]
Trade balance [+]2024$-36,213.2Mchart$-3,622.3M2024Trade balance [+]
Trade balance % GDP [+]2024-9.46%chart-8.40%2024Trade balance % GDP [+]
Retail Sales YoY [+]September 2025-2.0%chart3.6%October 2025Retail Sales YoY [+]
Socio-Demography
Global AgeWatch Ranking [+]201545ºchart23º2015Global AgeWatch Ranking [+]
Density [+]202480chart302024Density [+]
Global Peace Ranking [+]202436ºchart24º2024Global Peace Ranking [+]
Crude divorce rate [+]20231.20‰chart1.90‰2023Crude divorce rate [+]
Remittance received ($M) [+]20174,943.6chart559.32017Remittance received ($M) [+]
% Immigrant [+]20203.67%chart14.98%2020% Immigrant [+]
% Emigrant [+]202020.76%chart15.54%2020% Emigrant [+]
Birth Rate [+]20247.50‰chart7.10‰2024Birth Rate [+]
Remittance sent ($M) [+]2017590.7chart201.52017Remittance sent ($M) [+]
Crude death rate [+]202412.80‰chart11.50‰2024Crude death rate [+]
Fertility Rate [+]20231.54chart1.312023Fertility Rate [+]
Crude marriage rate [+]20235.80‰chart4.70‰2023Crude marriage rate [+]
% risk of poverty [+]202419.0%chart20.2%2024% risk of poverty [+]
Population [+]202419,036,031chart1,369,9952024Population [+]
Immigrant stock [+]2020705,310chart199,2772020Immigrant stock [+]
Emigrant stock [+]20203,987,093chart206,6312020Emigrant stock [+]
HDI [+]20220.827chart0.8992022HDI [+]
Gender Gap Ranking [+]202468ºchart29º2024Gender Gap Ranking [+]
Life expectancy [+]202476.60chart79.602024Life expectancy [+]
Suicides [+]20221,701chart1972023Suicides [+]
Suicide rate [+]20229.04chart14.332023Suicide rate [+]
Number of homicides [+]2024213chart212023Number of homicides [+]
Rate Homicides per 100.000 [+]20231.11chart1.542023Rate Homicides per 100.000 [+]
Energy and Environment
CO2 Tons per capita [+]20233.70chart8.872023CO2 Tons per capita [+]
Annual crude oil production [+]202455
Crude Oil Reserves [+]2021600.0
Consumption GWh [+]202344,600chart8,6062023Consumption GWh [+]
Generation GWh [+]202353,435chart6,4652023Generation GWh [+]
Others
COVID-19 - Deaths [+]11/09/202569,084chart3,17711/09/2025COVID-19 - Deaths [+]
COVID-19 - Confirmed [+]11/09/20253,602,440chart615,86811/09/2025COVID-19 - Confirmed [+]
Fully vaccinated [+]06/11/20228,114,769chart862,74808/12/2024Fully vaccinated [+]
COVID-19 - Deaths per million population [+]11/09/20253,629.12chart2,318.9911/09/2025COVID-19 - Deaths per million population [+]
Doses administered [+]06/11/202216,827,486chart2,171,62308/12/2024Doses administered [+]
Romania
Estonia